On October 1, 1988, the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) was established to ensure an adequate supply of vaccines, stabilize vaccine costs, and establish and maintain an accessible and efficient forum for individuals thought to be injured by childhood vaccines.The VICP is a no-fault alternative to the traditional tort system for resolving vaccine injury claims. The VICP covers all vaccines recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for routine administration to children.
http://www.hrsa.gov/osp/vicp/